Rhizobiales

A orde Rhizobiales é unha orde de alfaproteobacterias.

Os rizobios, son as Rhizobiales máis importantes. Realizan a fixación do nitróxeno e viven en simbiose nas raíces das plantas, e están distribuídos en varias familias da orde. As Bradyrhizobiaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Phyllobacteriaceae, e Rhizobiaceae son catro familias que conteñen polo menos seis xéneros de bacterias fixadoras do nitróxeno, que forman nódulos nas raíces das plantas leguminosas. Exemplos son o xénero Bradyrhizobium e Rhizobium.

Algunhas especies de Methylocystaceae teñen un metabolismo metanótrofo, xa que usan metanol (CH₃OH) ou metano (CH₄) como única fonte de enerxía e carbono.

Outros xéneros importantes son Bartonella (patóxeno) e Agrobacterium (usado en enxeñaría xenética para introducir xenes en plantas que se queren converter en transxénicas).

Filoxenia

Véxase tamén: Taxonomía bacteriana.

No cladograma móstrase a taxonomía aceptada actualmente baseada na LSPN (List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature) e nos datos do NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) e a filoxenia está baseada en secuencias de todo o xenoma

Brucellaceae Brucella Meyer and Shaw 1920 Ochrobactrum Holmes et al. 1988 Bartonellaceae Bartonella Strong et al. 1915 (Listas Aprobadas 1980) emenda. Brenner et al. 1993 Phyllobacteriaceae Mesorhizobium Jarvis et al. 1997 Chelativorans Doronina et al. 2010 Rhizobiaceae Rhizobium Frank 1889 (Approved Lists 1980) emenda. Young et al. 2001 Agrobacterium Conn 1942 (Approved Lists 1980) emenda. Sawada et al. 1993 Sinorhizobium Chen et al. 1988 emenda. De Lajudie et al. 1994 Candidatus Liberibacter corrix. Jagoueix et al. 1994 Candidatus Hodgkinia McCutcheon et al. 2009 Hoeflea Peix et al. 2005 Aurantimonadaceae Aurantimonas Denner et al. 2003 emenda. Rathsack et al. 2011 Fulvimarina Cho and Giovannoni 2003 emenda. Rathsack et al. 2011 Pelagibacterium Xu et al. 2011 Pseudovibrio Shieh et al. 2004 Bradyrhizobiaceae Rhodopseudomonas Czurda and Maresch 1937 Nitrobacter Winogradsky 1892 Bradyrhizobium Jordan 1982 Oligotropha Meyer et al. 1994 Afipia Brenner et al. 1992 Xanthobacteraceae Azorhizobium Dreyfus et al. 1988 Xanthobacter Wiegel et al. 1978 Starkeya Kelly et al. 2000 Methylobacteriaceae Methylobacterium Methylobacterium Patt et al. 1976 (Listas Aprobadas 1980) emenda. Green e Bousfield 1983 Beijerinckiaceae Beijerinckia Derx 1950 Methylocella Dedysh et al. 2000 emenda. Dunfield et al. 2003 Methylocystaceae Methylocystis (ex Whittenbury et al. 1970) Bowman et al. 1993 emenda. Dedysh et al. 2007 Methylosinus (ex Whittenbury et al. 1970) Bowman et al. 1993 Hyphomicrobiaceae Hyphomicrobium Stutzer e Hartleb 1899 Rhodomicrobium Duchow e Douglas 1949 (Listas Aprobadas 1980) emenda. Imhoff et al. 1984 Rhodobiaceae Parvibaculum Schleheck et al. 2004 Sphingomonas Yabuuchi et al. 1990 emenda. Yabuuchi et al. 1999 "grupo externo" (outgroup)

Véxase tamén

Outros artigos

• Rhizobium

Outras lecturas

• Kuykendall, L. D. and Dazzo, F.B. 2005. Allorhizobium. In Brenner, Krieg, Staley and Garrity (Editors), The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta- and Epsilonproteobacteria, The Proteobacteria, Part C, Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd. Ed., Vol. 2, Springer, New York, NY, pp. 345–346.
• Kuykendall, L. D. 2005 Genus Azorhizobium. In Brenner, Krieg, Staley and Garrity (Editors), The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta- and Epsilonproteobacteria, The Proteobacteria, Part C, Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd. Ed.,Vol. 2, Springer, New York, NY, pp. 505–506.
• Kuykendall, L.D. 2005. Genus Bradyrhizobium, family Bradyrhizobiaceae. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd Edition, 2nd Volume. George Garrity, (Ed.) Springer–Verlag, New York, NY, pp. 438–443.
• Chen, W. X., E.T. Wang, and L.D. Kuykendall. 2005. Genus Mesorhizobium, Family Photobacteriaceae. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd Edition, 2nd Volume. George Garrity, (Ed.) Springer–Verlag, New York, NY, pp. 403–408.,
• Kuykendall, L.D., J.M. Young, E. Martínez-Romero, A. Kerr, and H. Sawada. 2005. Genus Rhizobium, a highly divergent genus in a revised family, the Rhizobiaceae. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd Edition, 2nd Volume. George Garrity, (Ed.) Springer–Verlag, New York, NY, pp. 324–340.