Rhizobiales

A orde Rhizobiales é unha orde de alfaproteobacterias.

Os rizobios, son as Rhizobiales máis importantes. Realizan a fixación do nitróxeno e viven en simbiose nas raíces das plantas, e están distribuídos en varias familias da orde. As Bradyrhizobiaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Phyllobacteriaceae, e Rhizobiaceae son catro familias que conteñen polo menos seis xéneros de bacterias fixadoras do nitróxeno, que forman nódulos nas raíces das plantas leguminosas. Exemplos son o xénero Bradyrhizobium e Rhizobium.

Algunhas especies de Methylocystaceae teñen un metabolismo metanótrofo, xa que usan metanol (CH₃OH) ou metano (CH₄) como única fonte de enerxía e carbono.

Outros xéneros importantes son Bartonella (patóxeno) e Agrobacterium (usado en enxeñaría xenética para introducir xenes en plantas que se queren converter en transxénicas).

Filoxenia

Véxase tamén: Taxonomía bacteriana.

No cladograma móstrase a taxonomía aceptada actualmente baseada na LSPN (List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature) e nos datos do NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) e a filoxenia está baseada en secuencias de todo o xenoma

Brucellaceae   Brucella Meyer e Shaw 1920     Ochrobactrum Holmes et al. 1988     Bartonellaceae Bartonella Strong et al. 1915 (Listas Aprobadas 1980) emenda. Brenner et al. 1993     Phyllobacteriaceae   Mesorhizobium Jarvis et al. 1997     Chelativorans Doronina et al. 2010         Rhizobiaceae       Rhizobium Frank 1889 (Approved Lists 1980) emenda. Young et al. 2001     Agrobacterium Conn 1942 (Approved Lists 1980) emenda. Sawada et al. 1993       Sinorhizobium Chen et al. 1988 emenda. De Lajudie et al. 1994         Candidatus Liberibacter corrix. Jagoueix et al. 1994     Candidatus Hodgkinia McCutcheon et al. 2009         Hoeflea Peix et al. 2005       Aurantimonadaceae   Aurantimonas Denner et al. 2003 emenda. Rathsack et al. 2011     Fulvimarina Cho e Giovannoni 2003 emenda. Rathsack et al. 2011           Pelagibacterium Xu et al. 2011     Pseudovibrio Shieh et al. 2004           Bradyrhizobiaceae     Rhodopseudomonas Czurda e Maresch 1937       Nitrobacter Winogradsky 1892     Bradyrhizobium Jordan 1982           Oligotropha Meyer et al. 1994     Afipia Brenner et al. 1992       Xanthobacteraceae     Azorhizobium Dreyfus et al. 1988     Xanthobacter Wiegel et al. 1978       Starkeya Kelly et al. 2000         Methylobacteriaceae Methylobacterium Methylobacterium Patt et al. 1976 (Listas Aprobadas 1980) emenda. Green e Bousfield 1983     Beijerinckiaceae   Beijerinckia Derx 1950     Methylocella Dedysh et al. 2000 emenda. Dunfield et al. 2003     Methylocystaceae   Methylocystis (ex Whittenbury et al. 1970) Bowman et al. 1993 emenda. Dedysh et al. 2007     Methylosinus (ex Whittenbury et al. 1970) Bowman et al. 1993             Hyphomicrobiaceae   Hyphomicrobium Stutzer e Hartleb 1899     Rhodomicrobium Duchow e Douglas 1949 (Listas Aprobadas 1980) emenda. Imhoff et al. 1984       Rhodobiaceae Parvibaculum Schleheck et al. 2004       Sphingomonas Yabuuchi et al. 1990 emenda. Yabuuchi et al. 1999 "grupo externo" (outgroup)

Véxase tamén

Bibliografía

• Kuykendall, L. D. e Dazzo, F.B. 2005. Allorhizobium. In Brenner, Krieg, Staley e Garrity (Editors), The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta- and Epsilonproteobacteria, The Proteobacteria, Part C, Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd. Ed., Vol. 2, Springer, Nova York, NY, pp. 345–346.
• Kuykendall, L. D. 2005 Genus Azorhizobium. In Brenner, Krieg, Staley e Garrity (Editors), The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta- and Epsilonproteobacteria, The Proteobacteria, Part C, Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd. Ed.,Vol. 2, Springer, Nova York, NY, pp. 505–506.
• Kuykendall, L.D. 2005. Genus Bradyrhizobium, family Bradyrhizobiaceae. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd Edition, 2nd Volume. George Garrity, (Ed.) Springer–Verlag, Nova York, NY, pp. 438–443.
• Chen, W. X., E.T. Wang, e L.D. Kuykendall. 2005. Genus Mesorhizobium, Family Photobacteriaceae. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd Edition, 2nd Volume. George Garrity, (Ed.) Springer–Verlag, Nova York, NY, pp. 403–408.,
• Kuykendall, L.D., J.M. Young, E. Martínez-Romero, A. Kerr, e H. Sawada. 2005. Genus Rhizobium, a highly divergent genus in a revised family, the Rhizobiaceae. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd Edition, 2nd Volume. George Garrity, (Ed.) Springer–Verlag, Nova York, NY, pp. 324–340.

Outros artigos

• Rhizobium