Francis Willughby

Francis Willughby
	;
Biografía
Nacemento	22 de novembro de 1635 ; Warwickshire, Reino Unido (pt)
Morte	3 de xullo de 1672 (36 anos); Wollaton Hall, Reino Unido (pt)
Causa da morte	tuberculose
Lugar de sepultura	Church of St John the Baptist, Middleton (en)
High Sheriff of Warwickshire (en)
	1671 –
Datos persoais
Residencia	Middleton Hall, Tamworth (en)
Educación	Trinity College ; Universidade Harvard ; Bishop Vesey's Grammar School (en)
Actividade
Campo de traballo	Ornitoloxía e Ictioloxía
Ocupación	ornitólogo, ictiólogo, naturalista
Membro de	Royal Society (1663–)
Influencias	John Ray
Obra
	Obras destacables (1678) Ornithologia libri tres (en) ;
Familia
Cónxuxe	Emma Barnard (1667–)
Fillos	Sir Francis Willoughby, 1st Bt., Cassandra Willoughby, Duquesa de Chandos, Thomas Willoughby, 1.º Barão de Middleton
Pais	Sir Francis Willoughby e Lady Cassandra Ridgeway
Descrito pola fonte	Nordisk familjebok; Dictionary of National Biography; Biblioteca dixital BEIC

Francis Willughby, nado en Middleton Hall (Warwickshire) o 22 de novembro de 1635 e finado o 3 de xullo de 1672, foi un ornitólogo e ictiólogo inglés.

Traxectoria

Fillo de Sir Francis Willughby, estudou no colexio de Sutton Coldfield e no Trinity College, Cambridge.

En Cambridge foi alumno de John Ray. En 1662 ambos viaxaron á costa oeste de Inglaterra para estudar o aniñamento das aves mariñas. Entre 1663 e 1666 percorreron Europa xuntos, viaxando a través de Holanda, Alemaña, Suíza e Italia. En Nápoles separáronse e Willughby volveu a través de España. Ao volver a Inglaterra fixeron plans para publicar os seus estudos. Willughby morreu durante a preparación do traballo pero Ray publicou a obra de Willughby Ornithologia libri tres en 1676, cunha edición en inglés dous anos despois. Este traballo considérase o comezo da ornitoloxía científica en Europa, revolucionando a taxonomía ao organizar as especies de acordo coas súas características físicas. Ray tamén publicou a obra de Willughby De Historia piscium (1686).

En 2003 o estudo científico dos xogos foi publicado (co nome de Francis Willughby's Book of Games) facendo dispoñible para o gran público por primeira vez unha descrición detallada dun conxunto de xogos do século XVII. Esta foi a primeira obra deste estilo en inglés e é comparable á obra Libro dos xogos.

Véxase tamén

Bibliografía

Birkhead, Tim (2011). The Wisdom of Birds: An Illustrated History of Ornithology. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-0-7475-9822-0.
Birkhead, Tim (2018). The Wonderful Mr Willughby: The First True Ornithologist. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-4088-7848-4.
Birkhead, Tim; Smith, Paul J.; Doherty, Meghan; Charmantier, Isabelle (2016). "Willughby’s Ornithology". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 268–304. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Chandos, Brydges Cassandra Willoughby, Duchess of (1958). Wood, A C, ed. The Continuation of the History of the Willoughby Family. Windsor, UK: University of Nottingham. OCLC 65482756.
Charmantier, Isabelle; Johnston, Dorothy; Smith, Paul J (2016). "The legacies of Francis Willughby". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 360–385. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Cram, David (1990). "John Ray and Francis Willughby: Universal language schemes and the foundations of linguistic field research". En Hüllen, Werner. Understanding the Historiography of Linguistics. Münster: Nodus. pp. 229–239. ISBN 978-3-89323-221-5.
Cram, David (1992). "Language universals and seventeenth-century universal schemes". En Subbiondo, Joseph L. John Wilkins and 17th-Century British Linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. pp. 191–206. ISBN 978-1-55619-362-0.
Cram, David; Foreng, Jeffrey L; Johnston, Dorothy (2003). Francis Willughby's Book of Games: A Seventeenth-Century Treatise on Sports, Games and Pastimes. Aldershot: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85928-460-5.
Cram, David (2016). "Francis Willughby and John Ray on words and things". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 244–267. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Greengrass, Mark; Hildyard, Daisy; Preston, Christopher D; Smith, Paul J (2016). "Science on the move: Francis Willughby’s expeditions". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 142–226. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Gurney, John Henry (1921). Early Annals of Ornithology. London: H. F. & G. Witherby.
Jackson, Christine E (2006). Peacock. London: Reaktion. ISBN 978-1-86189-293-5.
Jardine, Lisa (1999). Ingenious Pursuits: Building the Scientific Revolution. London: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0-349-11305-0.
Johanson, Zerina; Barrett, Paul M; Richter, Martha; Smith, Mike (2016). Arthur Smith Woodward: His Life and Influence on Modern Vertebrate Palaeontology. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 430. London: Geological Society of London. ISBN 978-1-86239-741-5.
Johnston, Dorothy (2016). "The life and domestic context of Francis Willughby". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 1–43. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Kusukawa, Sachiko (2016). "Historia Piscium (1686) and its sources". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 305–334. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Ogilvie, Brian W (2016). "Willughby on insects". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 1–43. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Poole, William (2016). "The Willughby library in the time of Francis the naturalist". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 227–243. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Raven, Charles E. (1942). John Ray, Naturalist: His Life and Works. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-31083-3.
Roos, Anna Marie (2016). "The chymistry of Francis Willughby (1635–72): the Trinity College, Cambridge community". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 99–121. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Serjeantson, Richard (2016). "The education of Francis Willughby". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 44–98. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.
Wardhaugh, Benjamin (2016). "Willughby’s mathematics". En Birkhead, Tim. Virtuoso by Nature: The Scientific Worlds of Francis Willughby FRS (1635–1672). Leiden: Brill. pp. 122–141. ISBN 978-90-04-28531-6.