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Lingua choctaw

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Choctaw
Chahta
Falado en: Estados Unidos de América Estados Unidos
Rexións: Sueste de Oklahoma e leste de Mississippi, Luisiana e Tennessee
Total de falantes: 9.600 (censo de 2015)
Familia: Muskogee
 Occidental
  Choctaw
Códigos de lingua
ISO 639-1: --
ISO 639-2: cho
ISO 639-3: cho
Mapa

Comparación da distribución do pobo choctaw orixinal e a actual

Distribución dos falantes de choctaw en Oklahoma.
Status

O choctaw está clasificado como "vulnerable" polo Libro Vermello das Linguas Ameazadas da UNESCO[1]

A lingua choctaw é unha lingua da familia muskogee tradicionalmente falada polo pobo nativo americano choctaw, do sueste dos Estados Unidos. Malia que o chickasaw é clasificado coma un dialecto do choctaw, un estudo máis exhaustivo do chickasaw demostrou que son linguas diferentes pero estreitamente relacionadas.[2]

Ortografía

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A escrita da lingua choctaw está baseada na versión inglesa do alfabeto latino e foi desenvolvido polo programa de civilización dos Estados Unidos a comezos do século XIX. Malia existir outras variación do alfabeto choctaw, as tres formas máis comúns son o de Byington (Orixinal), Byington/Swanton (Lingüístico), e o Moderno (Mississippi Choctaw).

Byington (Orixinal)

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Alfabeto choctaw atopado en Chahta Holisso Ai Isht Ia Vmmona, anos 1800.

Byington/Swanton (Lingüístico)

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Alfabeto lingüístico choctaw atopado no Choctaw Language Dictionary de Cyrus Byington, editado por John Swanton, 1909.

Moderno (Mississippi Choctaw)

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Alfabeto moderno usado na actualidade.
  1. Moseley, Christopher e Nicolas, Alexandre. "Atlas of the world's languages in danger". unesdoc.unesco.org. Consultado o 11 de xullo de 2022. 
  2. Munro 1984

Véxase tamén

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Outros artigos

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Bibliografía

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  • Broadwell, George Aaron. (2006). A Choctaw reference grammar. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Broadwell, George Aaron. (1991). "Speaker and self in Choctaw". International Journal of American Linguistics, 57, 411-425.
  • Byington, Cyrus. (1915). A dictionary of the Choctaw language. J. R. Swanton & H. S. Halbert (Eds.). Bureau of American Ethnology bulletin 46. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. (Reprinted 1973 & 1978).
  • Davies, William. (1986). Choctaw verb agreement and universal grammar." Reidel.
  • Downing, Todd. (1974). Chahta anompa: An introduction to the Choctaw language (3rd ed.). Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
  • Haag, Marcia e Willis, Henry. (2001). Choctaw Language & Culture: Chahta Anumpa, University of Oklahoma Press.
  • Haag, Marcia e Fowler, Loretta. (2001). Chahta Anumpa: A Choctaw Tutorial CD-ROM, University of Oklahoma Press.
  • Heath, Jeffrey. (1977). Choctaw cases. Proceedings of the Berkeley Linguistic Society, 3, 204-213.
  • Heath, Jeffrey. (1980). Choctaw suppletive verbs and derivational morphology.
  • Howard, Gregg; Eby, Richard; Jones, Charles G. (1991). Introduction to Choctaw: A primer for learning to speak, read and write the Choctaw language. Fayetteville, AR: VIP Pub.
  • Jacob, Betty. (1980). Choctaw and Chickasaw. Abstract of paper delivered at the 1978 Muskogean conference. International Journal of American Linguistics, 46, 43.
  • Jacob, Betty; Nicklas, Thurston Dale; & Spencer, Betty Lou. (1977). Introduction to Choctaw. Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
  • Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
  • Munro, Pamela. (1987). Some morphological differences between Chickasaw and Choctaw. In P. Munro (Ed.), Muskogean linguistics (pp. 119–133). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
  • Munro, Pamela (Ed.). (1987). Muskogean linguistics. UCLA occasional papers in linguistics (No. 6). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
  • Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1974). The elements of Choctaw. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor).
  • Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1975). Choctaw morphophonemics. In J. Crawford (Ed.), Studies in southeastern Indian languages (pp. 237–249). Athens: University of Georgia.
  • Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1979). Reference grammar of the Choctaw language. Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
  • Pulte, William. (1975). The position of Chickasaw in Western Muskogean. In J. Crawford (Ed.), Studies in southeastern Indian languages (pp. 251–263). Athens: University of Georgia.
  • Ulrich, Charles H. (1986). Choctaw morphophonology. (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles).
  • Ulrich, Charles H. (1987). Choctaw g-grades and y-grades. En P. Munro (Ed.), Muskogean linguistics (pp. 171–178). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
  • Ulrich, Charles H. (1987). Choctaw verb grades and the nature of syllabification. In A. Bosch, B. Need, & E. Schiller (Eds.), Papers from the 23rd annual regional meeting. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.
  • Ulrich, Charles H. (1988). The morphophonology of Choctaw verb roots and valence suffixes. En W. Shipley (Ed.), In honor of Mary Haas: From the Haas Festival conference on Native American linguistics (pp. 805–818). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN

Ligazóns externas

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