Lista de linguas por número de falantes: Diferenzas entre revisións
Sen resumo de edición |
Sen resumo de edición |
||
Liña 1: | Liña 1: | ||
{{Enuso}} |
{{Enuso}} |
||
[[Ficheiro:Primary Human Language Families Map.png|miniatura|dereita|380px|Distribución actual das familias de linguas.]] |
[[Ficheiro:Primary Human Language Families Map.png|miniatura|dereita|380px|Distribución actual das familias de linguas.]] |
||
Este artigo recolle as principais linguas humanas por número de falantes nativos. |
|||
This article ranks human languages by their number of [[native speaker]]s. |
|||
However, all such rankings should be used with caution.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/Documents/evaluating-language-statistics-ethnologue-beyond-culture-2006-en.pdf|title = Evaluating language statistics: the Ethnologue and beyond|date = 31 March 2006|accessdate = 8 October 2015|website = |publisher = [[UNESCO]] Institute of Statistics|last = Paolillo|first = John C.|pages = 3–5|last2 = Das|first2 = Anupam}}</ref> It is difficult to define the difference between a [[language]] and a [[dialect]], or between a language and a [[macrolanguage]]; for example, [[Chinese language|Chinese]] is sometimes considered a single language and sometimes a macrolanguage whose [[Varieties of Chinese|many varieties]] are all independent languages. Any division of speakers among languages is the result of the classification of these speakers. Often such classifications are based on political or cultural factors. Although such classifications are not entirely arbitrary, it is not possible to devise a coherent linguistic set of criteria for the boundaries between languages. |
However, all such rankings should be used with caution.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/Documents/evaluating-language-statistics-ethnologue-beyond-culture-2006-en.pdf|title = Evaluating language statistics: the Ethnologue and beyond|date = 31 March 2006|accessdate = 8 October 2015|website = |publisher = [[UNESCO]] Institute of Statistics|last = Paolillo|first = John C.|pages = 3–5|last2 = Das|first2 = Anupam}}</ref> It is difficult to define the difference between a [[language]] and a [[dialect]], or between a language and a [[macrolanguage]]; for example, [[Chinese language|Chinese]] is sometimes considered a single language and sometimes a macrolanguage whose [[Varieties of Chinese|many varieties]] are all independent languages. Any division of speakers among languages is the result of the classification of these speakers. Often such classifications are based on political or cultural factors. Although such classifications are not entirely arbitrary, it is not possible to devise a coherent linguistic set of criteria for the boundaries between languages. |
Revisión como estaba o 7 de abril de 2017 ás 11:35
Esta páxina ou sección está a editarse nestes intres. Para evitar posibles conflitos de edición, non edites esta páxina ou sección mentres vexas esta mensaxe. Revisa o historial de edicións para saber quen traballa nela. O usuario Breogan2008 (conversa · contribucións) realizou a última edición na páxina hai 7 anos. O tempo máximo de presenza deste marcador é dun mes dende a última edición do usuario que o puxo; pasado ese tempo debe retirarse. |
Este artigo recolle as principais linguas humanas por número de falantes nativos.
However, all such rankings should be used with caution.[1] It is difficult to define the difference between a language and a dialect, or between a language and a macrolanguage; for example, Chinese is sometimes considered a single language and sometimes a macrolanguage whose many varieties are all independent languages. Any division of speakers among languages is the result of the classification of these speakers. Often such classifications are based on political or cultural factors. Although such classifications are not entirely arbitrary, it is not possible to devise a coherent linguistic set of criteria for the boundaries between languages.
For a list of languages with the smallest numbers of native speakers, see lists of endangered languages.
Nationalencyklopedin
The following table contains the top 100 languages by estimated number of native speakers in the 2007 edition of Nationalencyklopedin. As census methods in different countries vary to a considerable extent, and given that some countries do not record language in their censuses, any list of languages by native speakers, or total speakers, is effectively based on estimates. Updated estimates from 2010 are also provided.[2]
The top eleven languages have additional figures from the 2010 edition of the Nationalencyklopedin. Numbers above 95 million are rounded off to the nearest 5 million.
Rank | Language | Native speakers in millions 2007 (2010) |
Fraction of world population (2007) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Mandarin (entire branch) | 935 (955) | 14,1% |
2 | Spanish | 390 (405) | 5,85% |
3 | English | 365 (360) | 5,52% |
4 | Hindi[a] | 295 (310) | 4,46% |
5 | Arabic | 280 (295) | 4,23% |
6 | Portuguese | 205 (215) | 3,08% |
7 | Bengali (Bangla) | 200 (205) | 3,05% |
8 | Russian | 160 (155) | 2,42% |
9 | Japanese | 125 (125) | 1,92% |
10 | Punjabi | 95 (100) | 1,44% |
11 | German | 92 (95) | 1,39% |
12 | Javanese | 82 | 1,25% |
13 | Wu (inc. Shanghainese) | 80 | 1,20% |
14 | Malay (inc. Malaysian and Indonesian) | 77 | 1,16% |
15 | Telugu | 76 | 1,15% |
16 | Vietnamese | 76 | 1,14% |
17 | Korean | 76 | 1,14% |
18 | French | 75 | 1,12% |
19 | Marathi | 73 | 1,10% |
20 | Tamil | 70 | 1,06% |
21 | Urdu | 66 | 0,99% |
22 | Turkish | 63 | 0,95% |
23 | Italian | 59 | 0,90% |
24 | Yue (incl. Cantonese) | 59 | 0,89% |
25 | Thai | 56 | 0,85% |
26 | Gujarati | 49 | 0,74% |
27 | Jin | 48 | 0,72% |
28 | Southern Min (incl. Hokkien and Teochew) | 47 | 0,71% |
29 | Persian | 45 | 0,68% |
30 | Polish | 40 | 0,61% |
31 | Pashto | 39 | 0,58% |
32 | Kannada | 38 | 0,58% |
33 | Xiang (Hunnanese) | 38 | 0,58% |
34 | Malayalam | 38 | 0,57% |
35 | Sundanese | 38 | 0,57% |
36 | Hausa | 34 | 0,52% |
37 | Odia (Oriya) | 33 | 0,50% |
38 | Burmese | 33 | 0,50% |
39 | Hakka | 31 | 0,46% |
40 | Ukrainian | 30 | 0,46% |
41 | Bhojpuri | 29[b] | 0,43% |
42 | Tagalog | 28 | 0,42% |
43 | Yoruba | 28 | 0,42% |
44 | Maithili | 27[b] | 0,41% |
45 | Uzbek | 26 | 0,39% |
46 | Sindhi | 26 | 0,39% |
47 | Amharic | 25 | 0,37% |
48 | Fula | 24 | 0,37% |
49 | Romanian | 24 | 0,37% |
50 | Oromo | 24 | 0,36% |
51 | Igbo | 24 | 0,36% |
52 | Azerbaijani | 23 | 0,34% |
53 | Awadhi | 22[b] | 0,33% |
54 | Gan Chinese | 22 | 0,33% |
55 | Cebuano (Visayan) | 21 | 0,32% |
56 | Dutch | 21 | 0,32% |
57 | Kurdish | 21 | 0,31% |
58 | Serbo-Croatian | 19 | 0,28% |
59 | Malagasy | 18 | 0,28% |
60 | Saraiki | 17[c] | 0,26% |
61 | Nepali | 17 | 0,25% |
62 | Sinhalese | 16 | 0,25% |
63 | Chittagonian | 16 | 0,24% |
64 | Zhuang | 16 | 0,24% |
65 | Khmer | 16 | 0,24% |
66 | Turkmen | 16 | 0,24% |
67 | Assamese | 15 | 0,23% |
68 | Madurese | 15 | 0,23% |
69 | Somali | 15 | 0,22% |
70 | Marwari | 14[b] | 0,21% |
71 | Magahi | 14[b] | 0,21% |
72 | Haryanvi | 14[b] | 0,21% |
73 | Hungarian | 13 | 0,19% |
74 | Chhattisgarhi | 12[b] | 0,19% |
75 | Greek | 12 | 0,18% |
76 | Chewa | 12 | 0,17% |
77 | Deccan | 11 | 0,17% |
78 | Akan | 11 | 0,17% |
79 | Kazakh | 11 | 0,17% |
80 | Northern MinModelo:Disputed inline | 10.9 | 0,16% |
81 | Sylheti | 10.7 | 0,16% |
82 | Zulu | 10.4 | 0,16% |
83 | Czech | 10.0 | 0,15% |
84 | Kinyarwanda | 9.8 | 0,15% |
85 | Dhundhari | 9.6[b] | 0,15% |
86 | Haitian Creole | 9.6 | 0,15% |
87 | Eastern Min (inc. Fuzhounese) | 9.5 | 0,14% |
88 | Ilocano | 9.1 | 0,14% |
89 | Quechua | 8.9 | 0,13% |
90 | Kirundi | 8.8 | 0,13% |
91 | Swedish | 8.7 | 0,13% |
92 | Hmong | 8.4 | 0,13% |
93 | Shona | 8.3 | 0,13% |
94 | Uyghur | 8.2 | 0,12% |
95 | Hiligaynon/Ilonggo (Visayan) | 8.2 | 0,12% |
96 | Mossi | 7.6 | 0,11% |
97 | Xhosa | 7.6 | 0,11% |
98 | Belarusian | 7.6[d] | 0,11% |
99 | Balochi | 7.6 | 0,11% |
100 | Konkani | 7.4 | 0,11% |
Total | 5,610 | 85% |
Charts and graphs
-
Bubble chart of languages by proportion of native speakers worldwide[2]
Notas
- ↑ Paolillo, John C.; Das, Anupam (31 March 2006). "Evaluating language statistics: the Ethnologue and beyond" (PDF). UNESCO Institute of Statistics. pp. 3–5. Consultado o 8 October 2015.
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in Nationalencyklopedin. Asterisks mark the 2010 estimates for the top dozen languages.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2000, Census of India, 2001
Véxase tamén
Ligazóns externas
- Lista de linguas de Ethnologue por número de falantes
- Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People (Archived 2009-10-31) – Encarta list, based on data from Ethnologue, but some figures (e.g. for Arabic) widely vary from it
- Map of World Languages. Download of MP3 audio files in 1600 language combinations.
Erro no código da cita: As etiquetas <ref>
existen para un grupo chamado "lower-alpha", pero non se atopou a etiqueta <references group="lower-alpha"/>
correspondente