Ver o código fonte de "CDH2"

{{proteína
| Nome = Cadherina 2, tipo 1, N-cadherina (neuronal)
| image = Protein CDH2 PDB 1ncg.png
| width = 
| caption =
| Símbolo = CDH2
| AltSymbols = CD325; CDHN; CDw325; NCAD
| ATC_prefix=
| ATC_suffix=
| ATC_supplemental=
| CAS_number=
| CAS_supplemental=
| DrugBank=
| EntrezGene =1000 
| HGNCid =
| OMIM = 114020
| PDB =
| RefSeq =NP_001295105 
| UniProt =P19022 
| ECnumber = 
| Cromosoma = 18
| Brazo = 
| Banda = 
| LocusSupplementaryData =: (27.95 – 28.18 Mb) 
}}
A '''cadherina-2''' ('''CDH2'''), tamén chamada '''N-cadherina''' ou '''cadherina neuronal''' ('''NCAD''') ou tamén '''CD325''' ([[cluster de diferenciación|''cluster'' de diferenciación]] 325) é unha [[proteína]] que nos humanos está codificada no [[xene]]  ''CDH2'' do [[cromosoma 18]].<ref name="pmid2384753">{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Walsh FS, Barton CH, Putt W, Moore SE, Kelsell D, Spurr N, Goodfellow PN | title = N-cadherin gene maps to human chromosome 18 and is not linked to the E-cadherin gene | journal = J. Neurochem. | volume = 55 | issue = 3 | pages = 805–12 | date = September 1990 | pmid = 2384753 | doi = 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04563.x | url =  }}</ref><ref name="pmid2216790">{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Reid RA, Hemperly JJ | title = Human N-cadherin: nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 18 | issue = 19 | pages = 5896–5896 | date = October 1990 | pmid = 2216790 | pmc = 332345 | doi = 10.1093/nar/18.19.5896 | url =  }}</ref> A N-cadherina é unha [[proteína transmembrana]] expresada en moitos tecidos e funciona mediando a [[adhesión celular]]. No [[músculo cardíaco]], a N-cadherina é un compoñente integral das [[unión adherente|unións adherentes]] situado nos [[disco intercalar|discos intercalares]], que ten a función de acoplar mecánica e electricamente os [[cardiomiocito]]s adxacentes. Aínda que as [[mutación]]s en ''CDH2'' ata agora non foron asociadas con doenzas humanas, as alteracións na expresión e integridade da proteína N-cadherina observáronse en varias formas de doenzas, como a [[cardiomiopatía dilatada]] humana.

== Estrutura ==

A N-cadherina é unha [[proteína]] cun peso molecular de 99,7 [[dalton (unidade)|kDa]], e 906 residuos de [[aminoácido]]s.<ref>{{Cita web|title=Protein sequence of human CDH2 (Uniprot ID: P19022)|url=http://www.heartproteome.org/copa/ProteinInfo.aspx?QType=Protein%20ID&QValue=P19022|website=Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB)|accessdate=20 July 2015|urlarquivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025519/http://www.heartproteome.org/copa/ProteinInfo.aspx?QType=Protein%20ID&QValue=P19022|dataarquivo=24 de setembro de 2015|urlmorta=yes}}</ref> A N-cadherina é unha [[cadherina]] clásica da [[superfamilia de proteínas|superfamilia]] das cadherinas, composta por cinco [[cadherina|repeticións de cadherina]] extracelulares, unha [[dominio transmembrana|rexión transmembrana]] e unha cola [[citoplasma|citoplásmica]] moi conservada. A N-cadherina, e outras cadherinas, presentan [[interaccións proteína-proteína]] con outras moléculas de N-cadherina de células adxacentes en conformación [[Antiparalelismo (bioquímica)|antiparalela]], polo que crean unha especie de "cremalleira" adhesiva liñal entre as células.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Shapiro L, Fannon AM, Kwong PD, Thompson A, Lehmann MS, Grübel G, Legrand JF, Als-Nielsen J, Colman DR, Hendrickson WA | title = Structural basis of cell-cell adhesion by cadherins | journal = Nature | volume = 374 | issue = 6520 | pages = 327–37 | date = Mar 1995 | pmid = 7885471 | doi = 10.1038/374327a0 }}</ref>

== Función ==

A N-cadherina chamouse así polo seu papel no [[tecido nervioso]], pero ademais da súa función orixinal descuberta nas [[neurona]]s, viuse posteriormente que tamén funciona no [[músculo cardíaco]] e nas [[metástase]]s do [[cancro]]. A N-cadherina é unha [[glicoproteína]] [[proteína transmembrana|transmembrana]], homofílica que pertence á familia de  [[molécula de adhesión celular|moléculas de adhesión celular dependentes do calcio]]. Estas proteínas teñen [[ectodominio|dominios extracelulares]] que median nas interaccións homofílicas entre células adxacentes, e colas citoplásmicas [[C-terminal|C-terminais]] que median na unión coas [[catenina]]s, as cales á súa vez interacciponan co [[citoesqueleto]] de [[actina]].<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Buxton RS, Magee AI | title = Structure and interactions of desmosomal and other cadherins | journal = Seminars in Cell Biology | volume = 3 | issue = 3 | pages = 157–67 | date = Jun 1992 | pmid = 1623205 }}</ref><ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Takeichi M | title = Cadherins: a molecular family important in selective cell-cell adhesion | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_annual-review-of-biochemistry_1990_59/page/237 | journal = Annual Review of Biochemistry | volume = 59 | pages = 237–52 | date = 1990 | pmid = 2197976 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.bi.59.070190.001321 }}</ref><ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Ozawa M, Baribault H, Kemler R | title = The cytoplasmic domain of the cell adhesion molecule uvomorulin associates with three independent proteins structurally related in different species | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_embo-journal_1989-06_8_6/page/1711 | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 8 | issue = 6 | pages = 1711–7 | date = Jun 1989 | pmid = 2788574 }}</ref>

=== Función no desenvolvemento ===

A N-cadherina xoga un papel no desenvolvemento como glicoproteína de adhesión celular dependente do calcio que funciona durante a [[gastrulación]] e cómpre para o establecemento da [[Simetría (bioloxía)|asimetría esquerda-dereita]].<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = García-Castro MI, Vielmetter E, Bronner-Fraser M | title = N-Cadherin, a cell adhesion molecule involved in establishment of embryonic left-right asymmetry | journal = Science | volume = 288 | issue = 5468 | pages = 1047–51 | date = May 2000 | pmid = 10807574 }}</ref>

A N-cadherina exprésase extensamente no [[embrión]] post-[[implantación (embrioloxía)|implantación]], e presenta altos niveis no [[mesoderma]] e unha expresión sostida durante toda a vida adulta.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Angst BD, Khan LU, Severs NJ, Whitely K, Rothery S, Thompson RP, Magee AI, Gourdie RG | title = Dissociated spatial patterning of gap junctions and cell adhesion junctions during postnatal differentiation of ventricular myocardium | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation-research_1997-01_80_1/page/88 | journal = Circulation Research | volume = 80 | issue = 1 | pages = 88–94 | date = Jan 1997 | pmid = 8978327 }}</ref> A [[mutación]] da N-cadherina durante o desenvolvemento ten o efecto máis significativo na adhesión celular no corazón primitivo; produce [[miocito]]s disociados e un desenvolvemento anormal do tubo cardíaco.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Radice GL, Rayburn H, Matsunami H, Knudsen KA, Takeichi M, Hynes RO | title = Developmental defects in mouse embryos lacking N-cadherin | journal = Developmental Biology | volume = 181 | issue = 1 | pages = 64–78 | date = Jan 1997 | pmid = 9015265 | doi = 10.1006/dbio.1996.8443 }}</ref> A N-cadherina xoga un papel no desenvolvemento do corazón dos vertebrados e na transición de [[célula epitelial|células epiteliais]] a [[trabécula|trabeculares]] e na formación da capa de células [[miocardio|miocárdicas]] compacta.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Kostetskii I, Moore R, Kemler R, Radice GL | title = Differential adhesion leads to segregation and exclusion of N-cadherin-deficient cells in chimeric embryos | journal = Developmental Biology | volume = 234 | issue = 1 | pages = 72–9 | date = Jun 2001 | pmid = 11356020 | doi = 10.1006/dbio.2001.0250 }}</ref> Un estudo mostrou que os miocitos que expresan unha mutación negativa dominante na N-cadherina presentaban anormalidades significativas na distribución dos miocitos e nas migracións cara ao [[endocardio]], o que dá lugar a defectos na formación de trabéculas no [[miocardio]].<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Linask KK, Knudsen KA, Gui YH | title = N-cadherin-catenin interaction: necessary component of cardiac cell compartmentalization during early vertebrate heart development | journal = Developmental Biology | volume = 185 | issue = 2 | pages = 148–64 | date = May 1997 | pmid = 9187080 | doi = 10.1006/dbio.1997.8570 }}</ref><ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Ong LL, Kim N, Mima T, Cohen-Gould L, Mikawa T | title = Trabecular myocytes of the embryonic heart require N-cadherin for migratory unit identity | journal = Developmental Biology | volume = 193 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–9 | date = Jan 1998 | pmid = 9466883 | doi = 10.1006/dbio.1997.8775 }}</ref>

=== Función no músculo cardíaco ===

No [[músculo cardíaco]] a N-cadherina encóntrase nos [[disco intercalar|discos intercalares]], que son estruturas que proporcionan conexións célula-célula que facilitan o acoplamento mecánico e eléctrico entre [[cardiomiocito]]s adxacentes. Nos discos intercalares hai tres tipos de unións: [[unión adherente|unións adherentes]], [[desmosoma]]s e  [[unión comunicante|unións comunicantes]];<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica |author = Peters NS, Severs NJ, Rothery SM, Lincoln C, Yacoub MH, Green CR | title = Spatiotemporal relation between gap junctions and fascia adherens junctions during postnatal development of human ventricular myocardium |url = https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_1994-08_90_2/page/713 | journal = Circulation | volume = 90 | issue = 2 | pages = 713–25 | date = Aug 1994 | pmid = 8044940 }}</ref> A N-cadherina é un compoñente esencial nas unións adherentes, que permite a adhesión célula-célula e a transmisión de forza a través do [[sarcolema]].<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Forbes MS, Sperelakis N | title = Intercalated discs of mammalian heart: a review of structure and function | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_tissue-and-cell_1985_17_5/page/605 | journal = Tissue & Cell | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 605–48 | date = 1985 | pmid = 3904080 }}</ref> A N-cadherina en complexo coas [[catenina]]s foi descrita como un regulador clave da función dos discos intercalares.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica|last1=Vite|first1=A|last2=Radice|first2=GL|title=N-cadherin/catenin complex as a master regulator of intercalated disc function.|journal=Cell communication & adhesion|date=June 2014|volume=21|issue=3|pages=169–79|pmid=24766605}}</ref> A N-cadherina aparece nas unións célula-célula antes da formación das unións comunicantes,<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Zuppinger C, Schaub MC, Eppenberger HM | title = Dynamics of early contact formation in cultured adult rat cardiomyocytes studied by N-cadherin fused to green fluorescent protein | journal = Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology | volume = 32 | issue = 4 | pages = 539–55 | date = Apr 2000 | pmid = 10756112 | doi = 10.1006/jmcc.1999.1086 }}</ref><ref>{{Cita publicación periódica|last1=Dou|first1=JP|last2=Jiao|first2=B|last3=Sheng|first3=JJ|last4=Yu|first4=ZB|title=[Dynamic assembly of intercalated disc during postnatal development in the rat myocardium].|journal=Sheng li xue bao : [Acta physiologica Sinica]|date=25 October 2014|volume=66|issue=5|pages=569–74|pmid=25332002}}</ref> e é fundamental para unha [[Miocito|miofibriloxénese]] normal.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author= Goncharova EJ, Kam Z, Geiger B | title = The involvement of adherens junction components in myofibrillogenesis in cultured cardiac myocytes | journal = Development | volume = 114 | issue = 1 | pages = 173–83 | date = Jan 1992 | pmid = 1576958 }}</ref> A expresión dunha forma mutante da N-cadherina que leva unha gran [[deleción]] no dominio extracelular inhibe a función das N-cadherinas endóxenas nos cardiomiocitos [[ventrículo cardíaco|ventriculares]] adultos, e os cardiomiocitos veciños perden o contacto célula-célula e as placas de unións comunicantes.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Hertig CM, Eppenberger-Eberhardt M, Koch S, Eppenberger HM | title = N-cadherin in adult rat cardiomyocytes in culture. I. Functional role of N-cadherin and impairment of cell-cell contact by a truncated N-cadherin mutant | journal = Journal of Cell Science | volume = 109 ( Pt 1) | pages = 1–10 | date = Jan 1996 | pmid = 8834785 }}</ref>

Os modelos en [[rato]]s nos que se utilizou transxénese serviron para resaltar a función da N-cadherina no [[músculo cardíaco]]. Os ratos que tiñan alterada a expresión de N-cadherina e/ou [[E-cadherina]] mostraban un fenotipo de [[cardiomiopatía dilatada]], probablemente debido ao mal funcionamento dos discos intercalares.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Ferreira-Cornwell MC, Luo Y, Narula N, Lenox JM, Lieberman M, Radice GL | title = Remodeling the intercalated disc leads to cardiomyopathy in mice misexpressing cadherins in the heart | journal = Journal of Cell Science | volume = 115 | issue = Pt 8 | pages = 1623–34 | date = Apr 2002 | pmid = 11950881 }}</ref> De acoro con isto, os ratos con ablación de N-cadherina nos corazóns adultos por medio do transxene Cre N-cadherina inducible por tamoxifén específico cardíaco presentaban unha ensamblaxe alterada dos discos intercalares, cardiomiopatía dilatada, funcións cardíacas alteradas, diminución da lonxitude dos [[sarcómero]]s, incremento do grosor da [[liña Z]] do sarcómero, diminución da [[GJA1|conexina 43]], e perda da tensión muscular. Os ratos morrían aos dous meses de expresión do transxene, principalmente debido a [[taquicardia]] ventricular espontánea.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | author = Kostetskii I, Li J, Xiong Y, Zhou R, Ferrari VA, Patel VV, Molkentin JD, Radice GL | title = Induced deletion of the N-cadherin gene in the heart leads to dissolution of the intercalated disc structure | journal = Circulation Research | volume = 96 | issue = 3 | pages = 346–54 | date = Feb 2005 | pmid = 15662031 | doi = 10.1161/01.RES.0000156274.72390.2c }}</ref> Posteriores análises de [[rato knockout|ratos knockout]] para a N-cadherina revelaron que as [[arritmia]]s debíanse probablemente á remodelación das [[canle iónica|canles iónicas]] e á función anormal da canle Kv1.5. Estes animais mostraban unha duración prolongada dos [[potencial de acción|potenciais de acción]], unha densidade reducida das [[canle do ión potasio rectificadora entrante|canles de potasio rectificadoras entrantes]] e un descenso da expresión de [[KCNA5|Kv1.5]], [[KCNE2]] e [[cortactina]] combinado coa alteración do [[citoesqueleto]] de [[actina]] no  [[sarcolema]].<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica|last1=Cheng|first1=L|last2=Yung|first2=A|last3=Covarrubias|first3=M|last4=Radice|first4=GL|title=Cortactin is required for N-cadherin regulation of Kv1.5 channel function.|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_2011-06-10_286_23/page/20478|journal=The Journal of biological chemistry|date=10 June 2011|volume=286|issue=23|pages=20478–89|pmid=21507952}}</ref>

=== Función nas neuronas ===

Nas células neurais, en certas [[sinapse]]s do [[sistema nervioso central]], a [[adhesión celularadhesión]] da [[neurona]] presináptica á postsináptica está mediada polo menos en parte pola N-cadherina.<ref>{{Cita web | title = Entrez Gene: CDH2 cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1000| accessdate = }}</ref> As N-cadherinas interaccionan coas [[catenina]]s e xogan un importante papel nos procesos de [[aprendizaxe]] e a [[memoria]].

=== Función na metástase do cancro ===

A N-cadherina atópase comunmente nas células cancerosas e proporciona un mecanismo para a migración transendotelial. Cando unha célula cancerosa se adhire a unha [[célula endotelial]] dun vaso sanguíneo regula á alza a vía da [[Src (xene)|src quinase]], a cal [[fosforilación|fosforila]] [[beta-catenina]]s unidas tanto a N-cadherina coma a [[CDH1|E-cadherinas]]. Isto causa que falle a conexión intercelular entre dúas células endoteliais adxacentes e permite que acélula cancerosa se introduza e pase entre elas.<ref name="pmid19321920">{{Cita publicación periódica |author = Ramis-Conde I, Chaplain MA, Anderson AR, Drasdo D | title = Multi-scale modelling of cancer cell intravasation: the role of cadherins in metastasis | journal = Phys Biol | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | pages = 016008 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19321920 | doi = 10.1088/1478-3975/6/1/016008 | url =  | issn =  }}</ref>

== Importancia clínica ==

As mutacións no xene ''CDH2'' non foron ligadas de forma concluínte con ningún trastorno humano. Un estudo que investigou os fundamentos xenéticos do [[trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo]] e a [[síndrome de Tourette]] atoparon que as variantes de ''CDH2'' probablemente non causan enfermidades por si soas, mais poden supoñer un risco cando se examinan como parte dun panel de xenes de adhesión célula-célula relacionados.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica|last1=Moya|first1=PR|last2=Dodman|first2=NH|last3=Timpano|first3=KR|last4=Rubenstein|first4=LM|last5=Rana|first5=Z|last6=Fried|first6=RL|last7=Reichardt|first7=LF|last8=Heiman|first8=GA|last9=Tischfield|first9=JA|last10=King|first10=RA|last11=Galdzicka|first11=M|last12=Ginns|first12=EI|last13=Wendland|first13=JR|title=Rare missense neuronal cadherin gene (CDH2) variants in specific obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette disorder phenotypes.|journal=European journal of human genetics : EJHG|date=August 2013|volume=21|issue=8|pages=850–4|pmid=23321619}}</ref> Necesitaranse máis estudos en grandes cohortes para determinar isto inequivocamente.

Na cardiomiopatía dilatada humana atopouse que estaba potenciada a expresión de N-cadherina e disposta dun modo desorganizado, o que suxire que a desorganización da proteína N-cadherina nas doenzas cardíacas pode ser un compoñente de remodelación.<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica|last1=Tsipis|first1=A|last2=Athanassiadou|first2=AM|last3=Athanassiadou|first3=P|last4=Kavantzas|first4=N|last5=Agrogiannis|first5=G|last6=Patsouris|first6=E|title=Apoptosis-related factors p53, bcl-2 and the defects of force transmission in dilated cardiomyopathy.|journal=Pathology, research and practice|date=15 September 2010|volume=206|issue=9|pages=625–30|pmid=20591580}}</ref>

== Interaccións ==

A CDH2 presenta [[interaccións proteína-proteína|interaccións]] con:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Beta-catenina]],<ref name = pmid14625392>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Straub BK, Boda J, Kuhn C, Schnoelzer M, Korf U, Kempf T, Spring H, Hatzfeld M, Franke WW | title = A novel cell-cell junction system: the cortex adhaerens mosaic of lens fiber cells | journal = J. Cell. Sci. | volume = 116 | issue = Pt 24 | pages = 4985–95 | date = Dec 2003 | pmid = 14625392 | doi = 10.1242/jcs.00815 }}</ref><ref name = pmid12604612>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Wahl JK, Kim YJ, Cullen JM, Johnson KR, Wheelock MJ | title = N-cadherin-catenin complexes form prior to cleavage of the proregion and transport to the plasma membrane | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 19 | pages = 17269–76 | date = May 2003 | pmid = 12604612 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M211452200 }}</ref> 
* [[CDH11]],<ref name = pmid14625392/>
* RPTPs de tipo IIb incluíndo PTPmu (ver [[CTNND1]]),<ref name = pmid14625392/><ref name = pmid12604612/> 
* [[Catenina alpha-1|CTNNA1]],<ref name = pmid14625392/><ref name = pmid12604612/> 
* [[LRRC7]],<ref name = pmid11729199>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Izawa I, Nishizawa M, Ohtakara K, Inagaki M | title = Densin-180 interacts with delta-catenin/neural plakophilin-related armadillo repeat protein at synapses | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 277 | issue = 7 | pages = 5345–50 | date = Feb 2002 | pmid = 11729199 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M110052200 }}</ref> 
* [[PTPRM]])<ref name = "pmid7642713">{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Brady-Kalnay SM, Rimm DL, Tonks NK | title = Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPmu associates with cadherins and catenins in vivo | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 130 | issue = 4 | pages = 977–86 | pmid = 7642713 | pmc = 2199947 | doi =  10.1083/jcb.130.4.977}}</ref><ref name = "pmid9531566">{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Brady-Kalnay SM, Mourton T, Nixon JP, Pietz GE, Kinch M, Chen H, Brackenbury R, Rimm DL, Del Vecchio RL, Tonks NK | title = Dynamic interaction of PTPmu with multiple cadherins in vivo | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 141 | issue = 1 | pages = 287–96 | pmid = 9531566 | pmc = 2132733 | doi =  10.1083/jcb.141.1.287}}</ref>
* PTPrho ([[PTPRT]]),<ref name = "pmid16973135">{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Besco JA, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R, Frostholm A, Rotter A | title = Intracellular substrates of brain-enriched receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase rho (RPTPrho/PTPRT) | journal = Brain Res. | volume = 1116 | issue = 1 | pages = 50–7 | pmid = 16973135 | doi = 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.122 }}</ref> e
* [[Placoglobina]].<ref name = pmid14625392/><ref name = pmid7650039>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Sacco PA, McGranahan TM, Wheelock MJ, Johnson KR | title = Identification of plakoglobin domains required for association with N-cadherin and alpha-catenin | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 270 | issue = 34 | pages = 20201–6 | date = Aug 1995 | pmid = 7650039 | doi =  10.1074/jbc.270.34.20201}}</ref> 
* [[XIRP1]]<ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Sinn HW, Balsamo J, Lilien J, Lin JJ | title = Localization of the novel Xin protein to the adherens junction complex in cardiac and skeletal muscle during development | journal = Developmental Dynamics | volume = 225 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–13 | date = Sep 2002 | pmid = 12203715 | doi = 10.1002/dvdy.10131 }}</ref>
* [[SCARB2]] <ref>{{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Schroen B, Leenders JJ, van Erk A, Bertrand AT, van Loon M, van Leeuwen RE, Kubben N, Duisters RF, Schellings MW, Janssen BJ, Debets JJ, Schwake M, Høydal MA, Heymans S, Saftig P, Pinto YM | title = Lysosomal integral membrane protein 2 is a novel component of the cardiac intercalated disc and vital for load-induced cardiac myocyte hypertrophy | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-experimental-medicine_2007-05_204_5/page/1227 | journal = The Journal of Experimental Medicine | volume = 204 | issue = 5 | pages = 1227–35 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17485520 | doi = 10.1084/jem.20070145 }}</ref>
{{Div col end}}

== Notas ==
{{Listaref|33em}}

== Véxase tamén ==
=== Bibliografía ===

* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Doherty P, Smith P, Walsh FS | title = Shared cell adhesion molecule (CAM) homology domains point to CAMs signalling via FGF receptors | journal = Perspectives on developmental neurobiology | volume = 4 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 157–68 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9168198 | doi =  }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Makrigiannakis A, Coukos G, Blaschuk O, Coutifaris C | title = Follicular atresia and luteolysis. Evidence of a role for N-cadherin | journal = Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | volume = 900 | issue =  | pages = 46–55 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10818391 | doi = 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06215.x }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Hazan RB, Qiao R, Keren R, Badano I, Suyama K | title = Cadherin switch in tumor progression | journal = Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | volume = 1014 | issue =  | pages = 155–63 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15153430 | doi = 10.1196/annals.1294.016 }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Cavallaro U | title = N-cadherin as an invasion promoter: a novel target for antitumor therapy? | journal = Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England : 2000) | volume = 5 | issue = 12 | pages = 1274–8 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15648948 | doi =  }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Salomon D, Ayalon O, Patel-King R, Hynes RO, Geiger B | title = Extrajunctional distribution of N-cadherin in cultured human endothelial cells | journal = J. Cell. Sci. | volume = 102 ( Pt 1) | issue =  | pages = 7–17 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1500442 | doi =  }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Knudsen KA, Wheelock MJ | title = Plakoglobin, or an 83-kD homologue distinct from beta-catenin, interacts with E-cadherin and N-cadherin | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 118 | issue = 3 | pages = 671–9 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1639850 | pmc = 2289540 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.118.3.671 }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Reid RA, Hemperly JJ | title = Human N-cadherin: nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 18 | issue = 19 | pages = 5896–5896 | year = 1990 | pmid = 2216790 | pmc = 332345 | doi = 10.1093/nar/18.19.5896 }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Walsh FS, Barton CH, Putt W, Moore SE, Kelsell D, Spurr N, Goodfellow PN | title = N-cadherin gene maps to human chromosome 18 and is not linked to the E-cadherin gene | journal = J. Neurochem. | volume = 55 | issue = 3 | pages = 805–12 | year = 1990 | pmid = 2384753 | doi = 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04563.x }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Selig S, Bruno S, Scharf JM, Wang CH, Vitale E, Gilliam TC, Kunkel LM | title = Expressed cadherin pseudogenes are localized to the critical region of the spinal muscular atrophy gene | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 92 | issue = 9 | pages = 3702–6 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7731968 | pmc = 42029 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.92.9.3702 }}
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* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Andersson AM, Edvardsen K, Skakkebaek NE | title = Expression and localization of N- and E-cadherin in the human testis and epididymis | journal = Int. J. Androl. | volume = 17 | issue = 4 | pages = 174–80 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7995652 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2605.1994.tb01239.x }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Matsuyoshi N, Imamura S | title = Multiple cadherins are expressed in human fibroblasts | journal = Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | volume = 235 | issue = 2 | pages = 355–8 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9199196 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6707 }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Navarro P, Ruco L, Dejana E | title = Differential localization of VE- and N-cadherins in human endothelial cells: VE-cadherin competes with N-cadherin for junctional localization | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 140 | issue = 6 | pages = 1475–84 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9508779 | pmc = 2132661 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.140.6.1475 }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Gaidar YA, Lepekhin EA, Sheichetova GA, Witt M | title = Distribution of N-cadherin and NCAM in neurons and endocrine cells of the human embryonic and fetal gastroenteropancreatic system | journal = Acta Histochem. | volume = 100 | issue = 1 | pages = 83–97 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9542583 | doi =  10.1016/s0065-1281(98)80008-1}}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Kremmidiotis G, Baker E, Crawford J, Eyre HJ, Nahmias J, Callen DF | title = Localization of human cadherin genes to chromosome regions exhibiting cancer-related loss of heterozygosity | journal = Genomics | volume = 49 | issue = 3 | pages = 467–71 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9615235 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1998.5281 }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Lu Q, Paredes M, Medina M, Zhou J, Cavallo R, Peifer M, Orecchio L, Kosik KS | title = delta-catenin, an adhesive junction-associated protein that promotes cell scattering | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 144 | issue = 3 | pages = 519–32 | year = 1999 | pmid = 9971746 | pmc = 2132907 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.144.3.519 }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Shan WS, Tanaka H, Phillips GR, Arndt K, Yoshida M, Colman DR, Shapiro L | title = Functional cis-heterodimers of N- and R-cadherins | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 148 | issue = 3 | pages = 579–90 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10662782 | pmc = 2174798 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.148.3.579 }}
* {{Cita publicación periódica | vauthors = Husi H, Ward MA, Choudhary JS, Blackstock WP, Grant SG | title = Proteomic analysis of NMDA receptor-adhesion protein signaling complexes | journal = Nat. Neurosci. | volume = 3 | issue = 7 | pages = 661–9 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10862698 | doi = 10.1038/76615 }}

=== Ligazóns externas ===
* {{MeshName|CDH2+protein,+human}}
* UCSC genome browserː [http://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg19&position=chr18%3A25530930-25757445&hgsid=442463349_vYazzmVEz9WKQULgdVl1FAWCzABL CDH2]
* UCSC detalles do xeneː [http://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGene?db=hg38&hgg_gene=CDH2 CDH2]

:''Este artigo contén textos en dominio público procedentes de United States National Library of Medicine.''
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=1000}}

{{Control de autoridades}}

[[Categoría:Antíxenos CD]]
[[Categoría:Proteínas de membrana]]